Compare Trinidad and Tobago (2006) - Antigua and Barbuda (2002)

Compare Trinidad and Tobago (2006) z Antigua and Barbuda (2002)

	Trinidad and Tobago (2006)	Antigua and Barbuda (2002)

Administrative divisions	9 regional corporations, 2 city corporations, 3 borough corporations, 1 ward regional corporations: Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo, Diego Martin, Mayaro/Rio Claro, Penal/Debe, Princes Town, Sangre Grande, San Juan/Laventille, Siparia, Tunapuna/Piarco city corporations: Port-of-Spain, San Fernando borough corporations: Arima, Chaguanas, Point Fortin ward: Tobago	6 parishes and 2 dependencies; Barbuda, Redonda, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip*
Age structure	0-14 years: 20.1% (male 109,936/female 104,076) 15-64 years: 71.3% (male 398,657/female 361,093) 65 years and over: 8.6% (male 41,162/female 50,918) (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 28% (male 9,618; female 9,293) 15-64 years: 67.3% (male 22,695; female 22,682) 65 years and over: 4.7% (male 1,289; female 1,871) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	cocoa, rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry	cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock
Airports	6 (2006)	3 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2006)	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 5,128 sq km land: 5,128 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 443 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km) land: 442 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Delaware	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	First colonized by the Spanish, the islands came under British control in the early 19th century. The islands' sugar industry was hurt by the emancipation of the slaves in 1834. Manpower was replaced with the importation of contract laborers from India between 1845 and 1917, which boosted sugar production as well as the cocoa industry. The discovery of oil on Trinidad in 1910 added another important export. Independence was attained in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean thanks largely to petroleum and natural gas production and processing. Tourism, mostly in Tobago, is targeted for expansion and is growing.	The Siboney were the first to inhabit the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in 2400 B.C., but Arawak and Carib Indians populated the islands when Columbus landed on his second voyage in 1493. Early settlements by the Spanish and French were succeeded by the English who formed a colony in 1667. Slavery, established to run the sugar plantations on Antigua, was abolished in 1834. The islands became an independent state within the British Commonwealth of Nations in 1981.
Birth rate	12.9 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	18.84 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $4.5 billion expenditures: $4.06 billion; including capital expenditures of $117.3 million (2005 est.)	revenues: $123.7 million expenditures: $145.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital	name: Port-of-Spain geographic coordinates: 10 39 N, 61 31 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Saint John's
Climate	tropical; rainy season (June to December)	tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	362 km	153 km
Constitution	1 August 1976	1 November 1981
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago conventional short form: Trinidad and Tobago	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda
Currency	-	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Death rate	10.57 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	5.75 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$2.767 billion (2005 est.)	$231 million (1999)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Roy L. AUSTIN embassy: 15 Queen's Park West, Port-of-Spain mailing address: P. O. Box 752, Port-of-Spain telephone: [1] (868) 622-6371 through 6376 FAX: [1] (868) 628-5462	the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda (embassy closed 30 June 1994); the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Marina Annette VALERE chancery: 1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 467-6490 FAX: [1] (202) 785-3130 consulate(s) general: Miami, New York	chief of mission: Ambassador Lionel Alexander HURST chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 362-5211 FAX: [1] (202) 362-5225 consulate(s) general: Miami
Disputes - international	Barbados will assert its claim before the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) that the northern limit of Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into its waters; Guyana has also expressed its intention to challenge this boundary as it may extend into its waters as well	none
Economic aid - recipient	$24 million (1999 est.)	$2.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview	Trinidad and Tobago, the leading Caribbean producer of oil and gas, has earned a reputation as an excellent investment site for international businesses. Tourism is a growing sector, although not proportionately as important as in many other Caribbean islands. The economy benefits from low inflation and a growing trade surplus. Prospects for growth in 2006 are good as prices for oil, petrochemicals, and liquefied natural gas are expected to remain high, and foreign direct investment continues to grow to support expanded capacity in the energy sector. The government is coping with a rise in violent crime.	Tourism continues to dominate the economy, accounting for more than half of GDP. Weak tourist arrival numbers since early 2000 have slowed the economy, however, and pressed the government into a tight fiscal corner. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction work. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on income growth in the industrialized world, especially in the US, which accounts for about one-third of all tourist arrivals.
Electricity - consumption	5.651 billion kWh (2003)	93 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	6.076 billion kWh (2003)	100 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m
Environment - current issues	water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion	water management - a major concern because of limited natural fresh water resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Indian (South Asian) 40%, African 37.5%, mixed 20.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.8% (2000 census)	black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian
Exchange rates	Trinidad and Tobago dollars per US dollar - 6.2842 (2005), 6.299 (2004), 6.2951 (2003), 6.2487 (2002), 6.2332 (2001)	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)
Executive branch	chief of state: President George Maxwell RICHARDS (since 17 March 2003) head of government: Prime Minister Patrick MANNING (since 24 December 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by an electoral college, which consists of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 14 February 2003 (next to be held in 2008); the president usually appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives election results: George Maxwell RICHARDS elected president; percent of electoral college vote - 43%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General James B. CARLISLE (since NA 1993) head of government: Prime Minister Lester Bryant BIRD (since 8 March 1994); Deputy Prime Minister Robin YEARWOOD cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general
Exports	NA bbl/day	$40 million (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities	petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, steel products, fertilizer, sugar, cocoa, coffee, citrus, flowers	petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, machinery and transport equipment 17%, food and live animals 4%, other 8%
Exports - partners	US 68.8%, Jamaica 5.5%, Barbados 2.9% (2005)	OECS 26%, Barbados 15%, Guyana 4%, Trinidad and Tobago 2%, US 0.3%
Fiscal year	1 October - 30 September	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side to the lower fly side	red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $674 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 0.7% industry: 57% services: 42.3% (2005 est.)	agriculture: 4% industry: 19% services: 77% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $10,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	7% (2005 est.)	3.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	11 00 N, 61 00 W	17 03 N, 61 48 W
Geography - note	Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt	Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a very large western harbor
Highways	-	total: 1,165 km paved: 384 km unpaved: 781 km note: it is assumed that the main roads are paved; the secondary roads are assumed to be unpaved (1995)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis	considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center
Imports	NA bbl/day	$357 million (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities	machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food, live animals	food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil
Imports - partners	US 27.7%, Venezuela 13.3%, Brazil 11.8%, Japan 5.5%, Canada 4.2% (2005)	US 27%, UK 16%, Canada 4%, OECS 3%
Independence	31 August 1962 (from UK)	1 November 1981 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	9% (2005 est.)	6% (1997 est.)
Industries	petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles	tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)
Infant mortality rate	total: 25.05 deaths/1,000 live births male: 26.86 deaths/1,000 live births female: 23.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	21.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	6.9% (2005 est.)	0.4% (2000 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM (observer), OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	16 (2000)
Irrigated land	40 sq km (2003)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Judicature (comprised of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice is appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission); High Court of Justice; Caribbean Court of Appeals member; Court of Appeals; the highest court of appeal is the Privy Council in London	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction)
Labor force	620,000 (2005 est.)	30,000
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 9.5%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying 14%, construction and utilities 12.4%, services 64.1% (1997 est.)	commerce and services 82%, agriculture 11%, industry 7% (1983) (1983)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 14.62% permanent crops: 9.16% other: 76.22% (2005)	arable land: 18.18% permanent crops: 0% other: 81.82% (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese	English (official), local dialects
Legal system	based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	based on English common law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (31 seats; 16 members appointed by the ruling party, 9 by the President, 6 by the opposition party for a maximum term of five years) and the House of Representatives (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 October 2002 (next to be held by October 2007) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote - PNM 55.5%, UNC 44.5%; seats by party - PNM 20, UNC 16 note: Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly with 12 members serving four-year terms; last election held January 2005; seats by party - PNM 11, DAC 1	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 9 March 1999 (next to be held prior to March 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - ALP 53.2%, UPP 45.5%, independent 1.3%; seats by party - ALP 12, UPP 4, independent 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 66.76 years male: 65.71 years female: 67.86 years (2006 est.)	total population: 71.02 years male: 68.72 years female: 73.45 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.6% male: 99.1% female: 98% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling total population: 89% male: 90% female: 88% (1960 est.)
Location	Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela	Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin	contiguous zone: 24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 8 ships (1000 GRT or over) 16,760 GRT/7,941 DWT by type: liquefied gas 1, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 2 foreign-owned: 1 (US 1) registered in other countries: 1 (Panama 1) (2006)	total: 762 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,541,940 GRT/5,894,553 DWT ships by type: bulk 20, cargo 469, chemical tanker 9, combination bulk 4, container 202, liquefied gas 7, multi-functional large-load carrier 6, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll off 35 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1, Bangladesh 2, Belgium 3, Colombia 1, Cuba 1, Estonia 1, Germany 747, Greece 1, Iceland 8, Latvia 1, Lebanon 2, Lithuania 1, Netherlands 22, New Zealand 2, Portugal 1, Slovenia 6, South Africa 1, Sweden 2, United Kingdom 1, United States 7 (2002 est.)
Military branches	Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force: Ground Force, Coast Guard (includes air wing) (2004)	Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force, Royal Antigua and Barbuda Police Force (including the Coast Guard)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$66.72 million (2003 est.)	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.6% (2003 est.)	NA%
National holiday	Independence Day, 31 August (1962)	Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981)
Nationality	noun: Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s) adjective: Trinidadian, Tobagonian	noun: Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s) adjective: Antiguan, Barbudan
Natural hazards	outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms	hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts
Natural resources	petroleum, natural gas, asphalt	NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism
Net migration rate	-11.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	-6.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines	condensate 253 km; gas 1,278 km; oil 571 km (2006)	-
Political parties and leaders	National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Lennox SANKERSINGH]; People's National Movement or PNM [Patrick MANNING]; Team Unity or TU [Ramesh MAHARAJ]; United National Congress or UNC [Basdeo PANDAY]; Democratic Action Committee or DAC [Hochoy CHARLES], note - only active in Tobago	Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD]; Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three opposition parties - United National Democratic Party or UNDP, Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive Labor Movement or PLM)
Political pressure groups and leaders	Jamaat-al Muslimeen [Yasin BAKR]	Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [William ROBINSON]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL]
Population	1,065,842 (July 2006 est.)	67,448 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	21% (1992 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.87% (2006 est.)	0.69% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Saint John's
Radio broadcast stations	AM 4, FM 18, shortwave 0 (2004)	AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	36,000 (1997)
Railways	-	total: 77 km narrow gauge: 64 km 0.760-m gauge; 13 km 0.610-m gauge (used almost exclusively for handling sugarcane) (2001 est.)
Religions	Roman Catholic 26%, Hindu 22.5%, Anglican 7.8%, Baptist 7.2%, Pentecostal 6.8%, other Christian 5.8%, Muslim 5.8%, Seventh Day Adventist 4%, other 10.8%, unspecified 1.4%, none 1.9% (2000 census)	Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: excellent international service; good local service domestic: NA international: country code - 1-868; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Barbados and Guyana	general assessment: NA domestic: good automatic telephone system international: 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands Antilles) and Guadeloupe
Telephones - main lines in use	323,500 (2005)	28,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular	800,000 (2005)	1,300 (1996)
Television broadcast stations	6 (2005)	2 (1997)
Terrain	mostly plains with some hills and low mountains	mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas
Total fertility rate	1.74 children born/woman (2006 est.)	2.29 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	8% (2005 est.)	7% (2000 est.)
Waterways	-	none

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